https://gramta.com/articles Guides and explainers on EPR packaging reporting, producer-responsibility organisations, materials classification, and PPWR - for anyone who places packaging on an EU market. en https://gramta.com/articles/pfas-in-food-packaging https://gramta.com/articles/pfas-in-food-packaging From 12 August 2026, PPWR restricts PFAS in food-contact packaging at three concentration limits. Learn the thresholds and evidence your file needs. Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/plastic-packaging-tax-uk https://gramta.com/articles/plastic-packaging-tax-uk UK Plastic Packaging Tax is £228.82 per tonne from 1 April 2026. Learn the 10-tonne threshold, 30% recycled-content test and quarterly return process. Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-void-fill https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-void-fill Under the PPWR, paper, air pillows and other void fill count as empty space. Learn how the 50% cap works and how to right-size e-commerce packaging. Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-registration-rules-eu-2026 https://gramta.com/articles/epr-registration-rules-eu-2026 Six EU markets put a numeric clock on EPR registration, from 14 days before your first sale to three months after. Twenty markets, eleven annual deadlines. Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-for-ebay-etsy-sellers https://gramta.com/articles/epr-for-ebay-etsy-sellers EPR follows the seller, not the platform. eBay hides listings without your numbers, Etsy requires a French ID number, and your webshop has no gatekeeper. Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-greece https://gramta.com/articles/epr-greece Selling into Greece means registering in EMPA under EOAN and paying HERRCO packaging fees by material weight; several streams remain on paper only. Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-hungary https://gramta.com/articles/epr-hungary Since 2023 Hungary routes packaging EPR through one MOHU concession: register in OKIR, appoint a representative, and mind the REpont deposit. Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-slovakia https://gramta.com/articles/epr-slovakia Selling into Slovakia means entering the RVVV register with the MZP SR and joining an OZV such as ENVI-PAK or NATUR-PACK for packaging fees by material. Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/single-use-plastics-reporting https://gramta.com/articles/single-use-plastics-reporting Single-use plastics reporting sits alongside packaging EPR, not inside it: separate registers, item counts as well as weight, some items declared twice. Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-reporting-deadlines-2026 https://gramta.com/articles/epr-reporting-deadlines-2026 Most EU packaging declarations fall in Q1 for the prior year: France 28 February, Sweden 31 March, Netherlands and UK 1 April. Germany sets no fixed date. Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/recyclability-grades-a-b-c https://gramta.com/articles/recyclability-grades-a-b-c PPWR grades packaging by recyclable weight: A is 95%+, B is 80%+, C is 70%+. Below 70% is banned from 1 January 2030, and Grade C itself is banned from 2038. Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/composite-packaging-epr https://gramta.com/articles/composite-packaging-epr Composite packaging is materials bonded so a consumer cannot separate them. Under 5% of weight you report mono-material; above it, composite rules apply. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-czech-republic https://gramta.com/articles/epr-czech-republic Selling into the Czech Republic means registering in Seznam osob and paying EKO-KOM fees by material - unless you stay under both 300 kg and CZK 25m a year. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-finland https://gramta.com/articles/epr-finland Finland removed its EUR 1M packaging turnover threshold in 2024, so every distance seller now registers in the Tuottajarekisteri and pays Rinki fees. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-ireland https://gramta.com/articles/epr-ireland Ireland's packaging EPR runs through Repak and keeps a major-producer threshold, while Producer Register Limited covers electricals, batteries and tyres. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-portugal https://gramta.com/articles/epr-portugal Selling into Portugal means registering in SILiAmb with APA, paying Sociedade Ponto Verde eco-value fees, and tracking new furniture EPR duties. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-regulations-uk https://gramta.com/articles/epr-regulations-uk UK packaging pEPR is live: producers report through Report Packaging Data, PackUK sets the fees, and as a non-EU market the UK sits outside PPWR. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-romania https://gramta.com/articles/epr-romania In Romania, packaging producers report to the AFM Environmental Fund and hit recovery targets or pay its per-kilo contribution; RetuRO runs deposits. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/reusable-packaging-2030 https://gramta.com/articles/reusable-packaging-2030 From 1 January 2030, 40% of e-commerce transport packaging must be reusable and 10% of beverages sold in reusable packaging. Takeaway rules start Feb 2027. Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/b2c-vs-b2b-packaging-epr https://gramta.com/articles/b2c-vs-b2b-packaging-epr Packaging is classed household or commercial by size and design, not the buyer. Household fees fund municipal collection; commercial packaging costs far less. Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-recycled-content-targets https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-recycled-content-targets From 2030 plastic packaging needs minimum post-consumer recycled content: 35% general, 30% bottles and PET contact-sensitive, 10% non-PET. More follows in 2040. Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-bulgaria https://gramta.com/articles/epr-bulgaria Selling into Bulgaria means NISO registration with the ExEA, then either a recovery-organisation fee or the higher state product fee per material. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-compliance-checklist https://gramta.com/articles/epr-compliance-checklist EPR compliance runs in eight steps per country: confirm you are the producer, register and join a PRO, collect weights by material, file on schedule, then pay. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-croatia https://gramta.com/articles/epr-croatia Selling into Croatia means registering in the RPPO and paying packaging fees straight to the FZOEU state fund, with returns filed every month. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-lithuania https://gramta.com/articles/epr-lithuania Selling into Lithuania means filing every EPR stream through GPAIS with the AAA, and foreign sellers must appoint an authorised representative. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-slovenia https://gramta.com/articles/epr-slovenia Slovenia splits packaging EPR at ARSO and electronics and batteries at MOPE via the SPOT portal; foreign sellers file through a local representative. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-restricted-substances-heavy-metals https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-restricted-substances-heavy-metals PPWR Article 5 caps lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium at a combined 100 mg/kg, and restricts PFAS in food-contact packaging from 12 August 2026. Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/collect-packaging-data-for-epr https://gramta.com/articles/collect-packaging-data-for-epr Build a packaging spec per SKU: weigh each component in grams, multiply by units sold per country. Components under 5% report as the dominant material. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-austria https://gramta.com/articles/epr-austria Selling into Austria means registering in the EDM portal, joining a dual system like ARA, and appointing an authorised representative if based abroad. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-belgium https://gramta.com/articles/epr-belgium Belgium splits packaging EPR between Fost Plus (household) and Valipac (commercial), coordinated by IVC/CIE, with separate WEEE and battery duties. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-denmark https://gramta.com/articles/epr-denmark Denmark's packaging EPR reached full financial responsibility on 1 October 2025: sellers register with Dansk Producentansvar (DPA) via virk.dk. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-italy https://gramta.com/articles/epr-italy Packaging EPR in Italy runs through the CONAI consortium and its per-material CAC fee, while electronics, batteries and tyres register through RENAP. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-netherlands https://gramta.com/articles/epr-netherlands Packaging EPR in the Netherlands: Verpact fees, the Rijkswaterstaat UPV registers, and the distance-seller exemption ending in August 2026. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-poland https://gramta.com/articles/epr-poland Selling into Poland means securing a BDO registration number before your first order, then reporting every packaging and product stream through it. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-spain https://gramta.com/articles/epr-spain Packaging EPR in Spain: the Ecoembes/Ecovidrio eco-contribution, the RPP producer register, and the zero-threshold rule for foreign sellers. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/transport-packaging-ppwr-rules https://gramta.com/articles/transport-packaging-ppwr-rules PPWR requires 40% of transport packaging reusable by 2030 and 70% by 2040. Intra-company transport needs 100%, though pallet wrap and straps were exempted. Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-france https://gramta.com/articles/epr-france France routes packaging EPR through Citeo and an ADEME-issued IDU number, with the Triman label mandatory on the box. What online sellers must do. Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-germany https://gramta.com/articles/epr-germany Germany's VerpackG sets no threshold - register in LUCID with the ZSVR and pay a dual-system licence before your first sale, or risk blocked listings. Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-sweden https://gramta.com/articles/epr-sweden Packaging EPR in Sweden runs through Naturvårdsverket's Producentansvarsregistret and approved PROs like NPA and TMR, with no minimum threshold. Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/how-epr-fees-are-calculated https://gramta.com/articles/how-epr-fees-are-calculated EPR fees are weight of material x base fee per material x recyclability factor. How rates, eco-modulation and national price lists change your bill. Sat, 04 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/eco-modulation-explained https://gramta.com/articles/eco-modulation-explained Eco-modulation multiplies EPR fees by recyclability, bonus or malus. Denmark adds 35% for red-tier materials; France penalises complex plastics up to 25%. Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-reporting-software https://gramta.com/articles/epr-reporting-software EPR reporting software turns store orders into packaging reports: it maps orders to packaging presets, aggregates weights and keeps an audit trail. Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-empty-space-ratio-calculation https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-empty-space-ratio-calculation PPWR Article 24 caps empty space at 50% of box volume from 1 January 2030. Void fill counts as empty space; Article 10 minimisation applies 12 August 2026. Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-labelling-requirements https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-labelling-requirements Harmonised EU material and sorting-bin pictograms replace national labels from 12 August 2028. Reusable packaging needs a QR code by February 2029. Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-for-amazon-sellers https://gramta.com/articles/epr-for-amazon-sellers Amazon suspends listings without a valid EPR number: LUCID in Germany, IDU in France today, every EU market you sell to once PPWR applies 12 August 2026. Sat, 20 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-prove-packaging-recyclability https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-prove-packaging-recyclability Assess packaging against Design for Recycling criteria and record the grade in your Annex VII file. A is 95%, B 80%, C 70%; below 70% is banned from 2030. Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-sign-ppwr-declaration-of-conformity https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-sign-ppwr-declaration-of-conformity The legal manufacturer, or their EU authorised representative, signs the PPWR Declaration of Conformity. If your brand is on the packaging, that is you. Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-an-epr-number https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-an-epr-number An EPR number is the registration code a national authority issues for packaging compliance. Normally free, verified by marketplaces, and one per country. Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-technical-documentation https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-technical-documentation PPWR technical documentation is the Annex VII file: description, drawings, bill of materials, heavy-metal and PFAS lab tests. Required from 12 August 2026. Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-collect-ppwr-technical-documentation https://gramta.com/articles/how-to-collect-ppwr-technical-documentation Treat PPWR technical documentation as procurement: inventory components, request heavy-metal and PFAS tests, get recycled-content data, keep 5-10 years. Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/who-needs-to-register-for-epr https://gramta.com/articles/who-needs-to-register-for-epr Almost every cross-border e-commerce merchant must register for EPR. You are a producer if you manufacture, pack, import, or distance-sell into a market. Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-exemptions https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-exemptions The PPWR micro-enterprise exemption (under 10 staff, under EUR 2M) shifts manufacturer duties to your supplier - only if they are in the same Member State. Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-compliance-for-importers https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-compliance-for-importers PPWR importers must verify the manufacturer's conformity assessment, collect a signed Declaration of Conformity per packaging type, and retain it 5-10 years. Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/who-is-the-manufacturer-ppwr https://gramta.com/articles/who-is-the-manufacturer-ppwr Under PPWR the manufacturer is whoever puts their name or trademark on packaging: usually the brand, not the factory. It owns the technical file and DoC. Thu, 28 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-timeline https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-timeline Every PPWR deadline that matters, from the 12 Aug 2026 application date to recycled-content and reuse targets in 2030, 2035 and 2040. Sat, 23 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/epr-vs-ppwr https://gramta.com/articles/epr-vs-ppwr EPR is the principle that makes you pay for packaging waste. PPWR is the binding EU regulation, applicable 12 August 2026, that dictates packaging design. Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-explained https://gramta.com/articles/ppwr-explained The PPWR (Regulation (EU) 2025/40) applies from 12 August 2026 and binds all 27 member states identically: packaging design, recyclability and labelling. Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-extended-producer-responsibility https://gramta.com/articles/what-is-extended-producer-responsibility Extended Producer Responsibility makes whoever first places packaging on a market pay to recycle it. Register per country, join a PRO, report by material. Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT